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History of Rajasthan

Rajasthan was settled long before 2500 BC and the Indus Valley Civilization had its establishment here in north Rajasthan itself. The Bhil and the Mina tribes were the earliest dwellers of this area. Around 1400 BC the Aryans paid a visit and settled forever in the area. The local population was pushed down south and towards the east. Afghans, Turks, Persians and Mughals followed in mixing their blood, first in war then in peace, with the existing original inhabitants. This blending gave the martial lineage to the Rajputs.

Rajput clans emerged and established their power over different parts of Rajasthan from about 700 AD. Before that, Rajasthan was a part of the Mauryan Empire. Other major republics that dominated this region include the Malavas, Arjunyas, Yaudhyas, Kushans, Saka Satraps, Guptas and Hunas. The Rajput clan's dominance in Indian history was during the period from the eighth to the twelfth century AD. The Pratihars ruled Rajasthan and most of northern India during 750-1000 AD. Between 1000-1200 AD, Rajasthan observed the struggle for supremacy between Chalukyas, Parmars and Chauhans.

Around 1200 AD a part of Rajasthan came under Muslim rulers. The major centers of their powers were Nagaur and Ajmer. Ranthanbhor was also under their suzerainty. At the beginning of the 13th century AD, the most prominent and powerful state of Rajasthan was Mewar. It was the Mughal emperor Akbar who had politically united Rajasthan and created it a unified province. But the crumbling of Rajasthan was caused by the dismemberment of the Mughal Empire. The Marathas infiltrated Rajasthan upon the decline of the Mughal Empire. In 1755 they occupied Ajmer. The beginning of the 19th Century was marked by the attack of the Pindaris. In 1817-18 the British Government concluded treaties of alliance with almost all the states of Rajputana. Thus began the British rule over Rajasthan, which was then called Rajputana.

The present State of Rajasthan was formed after a long process of integration which began after Independence. At present there are 32 districts (including the new district of Karauli), 105 sub-divisions, 241 tehsils, 37889 inhabited villages and 222 towns in the State

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